Exploring the mechanical properties of additively manufactured carbonrich zirconia 3D microarchitectures

J.P. Winczewski; Stefan Zeiler; S. Gabel; A. Susarrey-Arce; J.G.E. Gardeniers; Benoit Merle

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2023.112142

Exploring the mechanical properties of additively manufactured carbonrich zirconia 3D microarchitectures

J.P. Winczewski, Stefan Zeiler, S. Gabel, A. Susarrey-Arce, J.G.E. Gardeniers, Benoit Merle

Lehrstuhl für Funktionale Werkstoffe und Werkstoffsysteme (425)

Publikation: Beitrag in Fachzeitschrift › Artikel › Forschung › Begutachtung

Abstract

Two-photon lithography (TPL) is a promising technique for manufacturing ceramic microstructures with nanoscale resolution. The process relies on tailor-made precursor resins rich in metal–organic and organic constituents, which can lead to carbon-based residues incorporated within the ceramic microstructures. While these are generally considered unwanted impurities, our study reveals that the presence of carbon-rich residues in the form of graphitic and disordered carbon in tetragonal (t-) ZrO ₂ can benefit the mechanical strength of TPL microstructures. In order to achieve a better understanding of these effects, we deconvolute the structural and materials contributions to the strength of the 3D microarchitectures by comparing them to plain micropillars. We vary the organic content by different thermal treatments, resulting in different crystal structures. The highest compression strength of 3.73 ± 0.21 GPa and ductility are reached for the t-ZrO ₂ micropillars, which also contain the highest carbon content. This paradoxical finding opens up new perspectives and will foster the development of “brick and mortar”-like ceramic microarchitectures.

Originalsprache	Englisch
Aufsatznummer	112142
Seitenumfang	11
Fachzeitschrift	Materials and Design
Jahrgang	232.2023
Ausgabenummer	August
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2023.112142
Publikationsstatus	Veröffentlicht - 11 Juli 2023

Bibliographische Notiz

Funding Information:
The contribution of S.Z., S.G., and B.M. to this project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 949626). The contributions of J.P.W, A.S-A., and H.G. received funding from the ERC under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement 742004).

Funding Information:
The authors thank Mark Smithers and Gerhard Hawranek for performing high-resolution SEM imaging. The authors thank Dr. Christina Kainz and Hendrik Holz for their assistance during the FIB milling and Dr. Yibin Bu for conducting the XPS measurements. The materials were fabricated and characterized in the MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology facilities. The confocal Raman spectroscopy measurements were conducted in the Live Cell Imaging Facility of the University of Twente. The contribution of S.Z. S.G. and B.M. to this project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No. 949626). The contributions of J.P.W, A.S-A. and H.G. received funding from the ERC under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement 742004).

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© 2023 The Authors

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abstract = "Two-photon lithography (TPL) is a promising technique for manufacturing ceramic microstructures with nanoscale resolution. The process relies on tailor-made precursor resins rich in metal–organic and organic constituents, which can lead to carbon-based residues incorporated within the ceramic microstructures. While these are generally considered unwanted impurities, our study reveals that the presence of carbon-rich residues in the form of graphitic and disordered carbon in tetragonal (t-) ZrO 2 can benefit the mechanical strength of TPL microstructures. In order to achieve a better understanding of these effects, we deconvolute the structural and materials contributions to the strength of the 3D microarchitectures by comparing them to plain micropillars. We vary the organic content by different thermal treatments, resulting in different crystal structures. The highest compression strength of 3.73 ± 0.21 GPa and ductility are reached for the t-ZrO 2 micropillars, which also contain the highest carbon content. This paradoxical finding opens up new perspectives and will foster the development of “brick and mortar”-like ceramic microarchitectures.",

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