Out-of-plane permeability measurement for reinforcement textiles: A benchmark exercise

A. Yong, Alper Aktas, David May, Andreas Endruweit, S. G. Advani, Pascal Hubert, S.G. Abaimov, Dilmurat Abliz, I. Akhatov, M. A. Ali, T. Allen, David C. Berg, S. Bickerton, C. Brauner, D. Brütsch, B. Caglar, P. Causse, A. Chiminelli, A. Cohades, S. Comas-CardonaM. Danzi, J. Dittmann, C. Dransfeld, P. Ermanni, Ewald Fauster, J. A. Garcia-Manrique, V. Grishaev, A. Guilloux, M. Hancioglu, W. Harazi, T. Herman, W. Huang, M. A. Kabachi, A. Keller, K. Kind, M. Laspalas, O. V. Lebedev, M. Lizaranzu, A. Long, K. Masania, V. Michaud, P. Middendorf, D. Salvatori, R. Schubnel, N. Sharp, E. M. Sozer, J. Thomas, F. Trochu, R. Umer, J. Valette, J. H. Wang, B. Willenbacher

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftArtikelForschungBegutachtung

6 Zitate (Scopus)

Abstract

The out-of-plane permeability of two glass fibre fabrics was measured by 26 institutions using silicone oil as a test fluid. Participants in this study were free to select the test procedure, specimen dimensions and data analysis method, provided that testing was carried out at three target fibre volume fractions, 46%, 50% and 54%. While results showed a variability of two orders of magnitude between participants, most values were within a significantly narrower band. A majority of participants used 1D saturated test method. A few selected 1D unsaturated and 3D unsaturated flow method which gave very similar results. Focusing on analysis of data and results of 1D saturated flow measurements, results are not conclusive, but they are consistent with number of layers in a specimen, fibre volume fraction, injection pressure and sealing of specimen edges all having an effect on the measured permeability. Specifying limits for these parameters is expected to result in reduced scatter in measured permeability.

OriginalspracheEnglisch
Aufsatznummer106480
Seitenumfang16
FachzeitschriftComposites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing
Jahrgang148.2021
AusgabenummerSeptember
Frühes Online-Datum23 Mai 2021
DOIs
PublikationsstatusVeröffentlicht - Sept. 2021

Bibliographische Notiz

Funding Information:
The authors thank Hexcel Corporation and Saertex GmbH for supplying the materials used in this exercise free of charge. The authors would also like to thank Santiago Miguel (Itainnova), Brad Buttars and Collin Childs (Brigham Young University) and Maik Theisig (University of Auckland) for specimen preparation and their contribution towards the experimental work, Louise Wright (NPL) for her assistance in data analysis, and Argyro Martidi (NPL) for her contribution to the data processing.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd

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