Simplified explicit finite element model for the impact of a wheel on a crossing – Validation and parameter study

An explicit finite element (FE) model for the impact of a wheel on the crossing nose of a rigid crossing with simplified model geometry is introduced. It can calculate the dynamic forces as well as the elastic/plastic stress and strain fields in the crossing nose. The model is based on impact angles and rail head radii that are automatically extracted from measured wheel and crossing geometries. Results of this model with elastic material behaviour are compared to results of FE models with realistic crossing geometry and a scheme for checking the applicability of the simplified model is presented. The model thus provides a fast, automated and validated method to calculate dynamic forces and stress-based damage indicators for crossings.