The Behavior of Phosphorus in the Hydrogen-Based Direct Reduction—Smelter Ironmaking Route

Andreas Pfeiffer, Kathrin Thiele, Heng Zheng, Heinrich Mali, Gerald Wimmer, Johannes Schenk

Publikation: Beitrag in FachzeitschriftArtikelForschungBegutachtung

Abstract

Direct reduction (DR) nowadays relies on high-grade iron ores, characterized by a high total iron content and low contents of tramp elements. Since their supply is limited and cost-intensive, applying lower-grade ores is a relevant topic for the future. Therefore, the behavior of phosphorus in unbeneficiated magnetitic ore during hydrogen-based DR is studied. Phosphorus remains strongly bound as apatite whether raw or preoxidized fine ore is reduced in a fluidized bed or raw lump ore is reduced under shaft furnace conditions. That is an essential factor for the subsequent melting step, whose behavior is evaluated using thermodynamic calculations and published data from the literature. Although the smelter-reducing conditions are not ideal for phosphorus withdrawal, one can expect it to be better than the blast furnace. Combining that with the outstanding dephosphorization capacity of the basic oxygen furnace (BOF), the route DR-smelter-BOF appears optimal for processing high-phosphorus iron ores.
OriginalspracheEnglisch
Aufsatznummer2300268
Seitenumfang9
FachzeitschriftSteel research international
Jahrgang94.2023 ???
Ausgabenummer??? Stand: 2. Oktober 2024
DOIs
PublikationsstatusElektronische Veröffentlichung vor Drucklegung. - 27 Okt. 2023

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© 2023 The Authors. Steel Research International published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

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