Assessment of conceivable CCU technologies for Austria

The utilization of carbon dioxide in production processes, targeted for implementation by 2030 or 2040, necessitates timely technological readiness and a substantial impact on greenhouse gas reduction compared to conventional manufacturing methods. Within this context, a comprehensive literature review has identified ten distinct CCU technologies, presenting their methodologies and possible operational conditions. Aligned with national objectives, climate target compatibility criteria are formulated for comparative analysis and to determine technology-specific emission factors. These factors, in conjunction with emissions data from domestic operators, highlight the value of CO2 as an alternative raw material and potential GHG emission savings through a substitution approach. Furthermore, this thesis explores considerations and challenges involved in selecting suitable CCU pathways, tracing the journey of carbon dioxide from its origin to its re-release at the end of a product's lifecycle.