Auswirkungen von zukünftigen Altfahrzeugen auf die Shredderschrotte

The KIRAMET project is looking at improving the material quality of shredder scrap through the use of artificial intelligence. This master's thesis was written as part of KIRAMET and examines future developments in automotive engineering and their impact on shredder operations and scrap quality. To this end, potential scenarios were created based on existing information and data. A comprehensive review of the literature revealed the following trends: According to forecasts, the population will continue to grow. In line with the trend of recent years, the number of end-of-life vehicles is also expected to continue to increase, which would generally lead to an increase in the volume of end-of-life vehicles. However, only a quarter to a fifth of the vehicles that are taken out of service each year are recycled in Austria. Many vehicles are sold abroad as used cars or illegally recycled and exported. It would be essential to prevent the uncontrolled outflow of raw materials against the backdrop of rising demand for secondary raw materials. The quantitative development of automobile electrification is another influential factor in the quantity and quality of shredder scrap. The EU's planned ban on combustion engines would bring about a major change in the automotive market, which would consequently alter the composition of future shredder scrap. However, lightweight construction also influences the quantity and quality of shredder scrap in combustion engines. Although iron-based materials will remain the main component in the automotive industry, the proportion of advanced high-strength steels, fiber-reinforced plastics, aluminum, and magnesium will increase. For shredding companies, this means a shift in volume from the iron fraction to the non-iron fraction, which will become more important as a result. The increasing diversity of vehicles and their compact design make rapid dismantling and the individual removal of potentially valuable or unwanted components difficult due to limited accessibility. In addition, the presence of certain materials or components is not apparent at the shredder plants on site, and no information is provided by the automobile manufacturers. This makes (partial) automation of dismantling processes de facto impossible for shredder plants.