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Einfluss von Legierungselementen auf die Oxidationsbeständigkeit von near-α-Titanlegierungen für Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing

Translated title of the contribution: Influence of alloying elements on the oxidation resistance of near-α titanium alloys for wire arc additive manufacturing

Research output: ThesisMaster's Thesis

Abstract

The class of near-α titanium alloys plays an important role in the use of high-temperature materials. Due to their flexible property profile and low density, they are particularly important in the aerospace industry and in automotive engineering. Their excellent creep and oxidation resistance enables the application also at elevated temperatures, which is especially advantageous. In recent years, there has been a strong research focus on the development of alloy compositions that are explicitly optimized for additive manufacturing. In this thesis, three novel near-α titanium alloys are analyzed, with alloying concepts based on the conventionally used Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo (Ti6242). The new variants also contain Nb, Cu or Y to achieve improved properties. For the investigation of the alloys, cast button melting samples were used, which enable quick and easy characterization. A main focus was placed on the as-built condition after wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). To simulate the temperature conditions of a WAAM process, cyclic heat treatment was carried out on the samples. First, the as-cast condition and the effect of heat treatment on phases, microstructure and hardness were investigated. The alloys with increased Cu content in particular exhibited hardness values above 400 HV1. In situ experiments with high-energetic X-rays showed the precipitation of Ti2Cu during the simulated WAAM process. This intermetallic phase forms in the temperature range of 500-700 °C and is largely responsible for the observed increase in hardness. Another aim of this work was to investigate the effect of the alloying elements on the oxidation resistance of the materials. Thermogravimetric analyses showed a significant improvement in oxidation resistance for the new alloys compared to conventional Ti6242. In addition, scanning electron microscope examinations showed denser and thus more protective oxide layers. Under cyclic temperature stress, the variant containing Y exhibited a particularly good oxidation behaviour. The depth of the oxygen diffusion zone was estimated using the hardness profile determined in the edge area of the sample cross-section. It was found that O diffuses within 24 h at a holding temperature of 800 °C to a maximum depth of about 100 μm. Overall, the novel alloy systems have promising properties for the use as oxidation-resistant materials.
Translated title of the contributionInfluence of alloying elements on the oxidation resistance of near-α titanium alloys for wire arc additive manufacturing
Original languageGerman
QualificationDipl.-Ing.
Awarding Institution
  • Montanuniversität
Supervisors/Advisors
  • Schnitzer, Ronald, Supervisor (internal)
  • Obersteiner, David, Co-Supervisor (internal)
Award date19 Dec 2025
Publication statusPublished - 2025

Bibliographical note

no embargo

Keywords

  • titanium alloys
  • precipitation kinetics
  • intermetallic phase
  • additive manufacturing
  • thermogravimetric analysis
  • in situ high-energy X-ray diffraction
  • oxidation resistance

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