Integrated Traceability Framework for Mineral Supply Chains

Ensuring traceability in mineral supply chains is crucial to mitigating risks associated with conflict-affected areas, including human rights violations, envi-ronmental degradation, and corruption. Regulatory frameworks mandate ethical sourcing, while stakeholders, such as, consumers, NGOs, and investors demand greater transparency. However, existing traceability initiatives remain fragmented, addressing isolated challenges rather than forming a comprehensive system. The complexity of mineral supply chains, involving multiple actors and diverse regulatory landscapes, further complicates implementation. This study presents an integrated framework for mineral traceability, identifying and prioritizing key components using the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process. The results emphasize that effective trace-ability depends on robust governance, as technological solutions alone are insufficient without strong management structures. Key priority areas include governance mech-anisms, social and environmental responsibility, enhanced data management, and the adoption of advanced tracking technologies. By providing a structured approach, this framework supports the implementation of transparent, ethical, and sustainable sourcing practices. It serves as a practical guide to understand where the resources have to go, seeking to promote responsible mineral sourcing.