Towards standardized safety protocols for iron-based energy carriers: International alignment through round robin testing on safety characteristics

Iron powder appears to be a promising solution for long-term energy
storage and (inter-) continental transport, as it is safe to store and
does not require energy to maintain its state, unlike, for instance,
liquefied hydrogen. However, while the fundamental research is well
underway, large-scale implementation is still in its early stages, with a
growing number of promising demonstrators emerging.
Methods
This article contributes to the large-scale implementation of iron as an
energy carrier by presenting a round-robin test of four iron powders
currently used in research and larger-scale demonstrators. These
powders were tested on their safety characteristics in the standard 20
L apparatus across eight European countries.
...